← Back to Knowledge Base

KB #240005: Cannot Perform Case-Insensitive Compare on Encrypted Strings Using APIs

⏱️ 2 min read
Type: Tip
Summary:
This article explains why you cannot do a case-insensitive compare on encrypted strings and suggests a work-around.
Additional Information:
Note: This applies only if you are using the optional APIs. This does not apply if you are using whole-database encryption, which is completely transparent.The encryption process transforms strings into random binary buffers. For example, take the following plaintext strings:

string1 = "David Byrne" 
string2 = "DAVID BYRNE"

In order to do a case-insensitive compare, the program simply converts them both to upper case. E.g.,

if upper(string1) = upper(string2)

This might actually happen automatically, depending on your platform and program settings.

In memory, these strings are completely different. For instance, uppercase ‘A’ is represented internally as hex 41, while lowercase ‘a’ is hex 61. Therefore, when encrypted these strings become completely different values. For example, string1 might encrypt to:

"hd@Weo%32eR"

while string2 might encrypt to:

"(12u9u$jHc*"

Clearly, converting them to uppercase in order to compare them would have no meaning.

If you wish to do case insensitive compares you must do one of two things:

  1. Always store the values in the same case, i.e., always upper, lower, or proper (first letter of each word).
  2. Decrypt before comparing

 

Was this article helpful?

Related Articles

KB #240023: DBF becomes decrypted after xBase PACK command

Type: Tip Summary: This explains why an encrypted DBF might become decrypted after a PACK…

KB #240040: Cannot start SQL Server or encrypted database is inaccessible when profile is on a remote machine

Type: Information Summary: If you have specified the remote profile to be on a remote…

KB #240021: “Invalid Driver” or “Can’t load encryption driver” message

Type: Information Summary: This article discusses when and why you may see “invalid driver” or…

Still need help?

Our support team is here to assist you.

NetLib Security
AI Assistant · Online
Hi! I'm the NetLib Security assistant. I can answer questions about our encryption solutions, HIPAA compliance, Encryptionizer, and more. How can I help you today?